Scotoma

Scotoma：盲點

定義：An area of diminished vision within the visual field（視野上消失的視覺對應點）

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Glaucoma較典型的scotoma
* Bjerrum scotoma (Arcuate Scotoma）：對照nerve bundle defect
* paracentral scotoma
* Temporal Wedge
* Altitudinal defect

比較不像Glaucoma相關的scotoma
* cecocentral scotoma：LHON會有
* central scotoma：optic neuropathy or macular disease
* hemianopia：比較可能是optic tract的問題
* Ring scotoma(Annular scotoma)：可能是pseudofovea造成
* quadrant anopia

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* relative scotoma：RD，media opacity會有
* absolute scotoma：retinoschisis, nerve bundle defect, myelinated nerve fiber…等。