Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSR / CSCR)
* RPE pump function異常 (RPE就是external BBB)
* 25-55歲男性好犯 (胸外總醫師多為三十歲男性,正好是CSCR的危險年齡及性別)
* type A personality好犯
* 大部份視力 > 20/30,可用「hyperopic」 correction
=> CSCR患者常抱怨micropsia(看東西變小)
* Steroid高或Cushing syndrome增加CSCR的risk
有三種表現pattern
1. Expantile dot (最常見)
2. Smoke stack
3. Diuffuse
CSCR的D/D:
1. AMD with CMV
=> CSCR通常見不到blood或significant lipid,而blood常見於CNV
2. Optic nerve pit
=> CSCR通常是pinpoint leakage,optic nerve pit,多找不到pinpoint leakage
3. Idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy
=> Saccular outpouching可於idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy找到
=> CSCR通常見不到significant lipid,而lipid常見於idiopathic polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy。
4. Idiopathic uveal effusion syndrome (IUES)
=> CSCR通常是pinpoint leakage,IUES多為diffuse
Prognosis:
80-90%會spontaneous absorption (不知道為什麼喜歡考80~90%這個數字)
在3-4月時間,留下少sequela但40-50% 會 recur
CSCR的治療
* Laser可加速absorption,但final VA及recurrence rate不受影響
* Laser photocoagulation用於下列情形:
1. Serous RD 維持 3-4 個月之久
2. 因為前次disease recur且有visual deficit的患眼
3. Fellow eye前次attack且有visual deficit
4. 有chronic sign (如:cystic change及diffuse RPE abnormality)
5. Occupational and patient needs
=> 不管有無laser treat,典型的CSCR很少產生CNV
=> 太近fovea center,可用PDT
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