Triads

Glaucoma以前的Triads（現在比較少說了）：三杯野鴨
disc cupping（杯）
VF defect（野）
IOP↑（壓：鴨）

primary congenital glaucoma的Triads
1. epiphora
2. photophobia
3. blepharospasm

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AAU的triads–pain, redness, photophobia
Wegener Granulomatosis–
 上、下呼吸道之necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis
 focal segmental glomerulonerphitis
Reiter syndrome的Triad (口訣：關結尿)
 Ocular (conjunctivitis/epislceritis, uveitis, keratitis),
 （以mucopurulent conjunctivitis為最常見的ocular finding）
 urethritis,
 arthritis （不對側且只影響少數關節–下肢大關節）
Ocular histoplasmosis的classical triads
 peripheral histo spots
 macular disciform scar
 peripapillary pigment changes
Stargardt disease的triads
 macular atrophy, flecks, dark choroids

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Sarcoidosis
4歲前的小孩在Sarcoidosis多表現triads
 rash
 uveitis
 arthritis （和JRA很難區分）
Mikulicz syndrome的triad （不一定是sarcoidosis引起）
 Lacrimal gald enlargement
 Salivary gland enlargement
 Dry eye

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syphilis的Hutchison triad
 Peg-shaped teeth,
 eighth nerve deafness,
 interstitial keratitis
optic nerve sheath meningioma的Classic Diagnostic Triad
 Painless, slowly progressive monocular visual loss
 Optic atrophy，
 Occasionally, optociliary shunt vessels
(retinochoroidal collaterals)
spasmus nutans的triads（很愛考！）
 nystagmus(intermittent, horizontal, low amplitude, disconjugate)
 head nodding
 torticollis
Tuberous sclerosis(Bourneville syndrome, AD,chromosome 9)的Diagnostic triad
 Adenoma sebacecum (常考！不是NF的喔，是TS的呢！)
 Mental retard
 Seizure