Acanthamoeba(Portozoa)
Dormant cyst
Trohozoite (有感染性)
染色:可用calcofluor white(cyst) => green ; 或 acridine orange (both) => orange
agar: nonnutrient agar with (killed, not alive) E. coli overlay,
blood agar, buffered charcoal-yeast extract agar
70%與contact lens有關 (自製saline、用tap water清洗CL…)
* 症狀:劇痛!(與角膜外觀不成正比的表現,考試重點)、diffuse SPK
* 由central infiltration開始 後來才進展到paracentral cornea ring infiltration
* enlarged corneal nerve (radial perineuritis!重要!)
* 除了Acanthamoeba,在MEN2b及leprosy會看到enlarged corneal nerves
病原分離: 早期用scraping, 晚期用lamellar cornea biopsy
治療時程:
epithelial stage: 2~4個月
stromal stage: 6~12個月
Tx: (下面的藥台灣幾乎都缺,也全都沒有衛署字號,要從國外訂貨,一週後才到貨)
diamidine: propamidine hexamide
Biquanide:polyhexamethyene biquanide chlorhexidine (PHMB)
Imidazole:miconazole clotrimazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole,
aminoglycoside:neomycine paromycin
做PK,要等disease-free 3~6月才做。
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